TrueUSD
TrueUSD / Archblock
Market cap (static): ~$490M
Overview
One of the earliest regulated stablecoins (2018), known for real-time on-chain reserve attestation via The Network Firm and Chainlink Proof of Reserve. Available on Ethereum, BNB Chain, and TRON. Faced reserve management controversy in 2025 with reduced exchange support.
Features
Engineering-oriented breakdown of capabilities: standards, who they matter for, integration rationale, per-feature risks, and vetted external references (specs, docs, verified source).
| Feature | Standards | Audience | Why it matters | Risk / caveat | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Real-time on-chain attestation compliance | — | Corporate | Attestation cadence for transparency — useful for dashboards; verify what is actually attested on-chain vs marketing claims. | Attestation provider or methodology changes can break monitoring assumptions. | |
Chainlink Proof of Reserve compliance |
| Both | PoR feeds let contracts condition logic on reserve data — integrate via Chainlink interfaces. | Feed staleness and heartbeat matter for dependent protocols. | |
Multi-bank escrow compliance | — | Corporate | Diversifies banking counterparty risk off-chain — legal structure matters for treasury users. | Bank failure or access freezes still possible; not modeled on-chain. | |
Asset protection freeze compliance |
| Corporate | Issuer freeze function — same integration caveats as other regulated stables. | User funds can become immovable without on-chain recourse. |
EIP / ERC support matrix
Standards support for TUSD. Click an EIP to jump to the global deep-dive section.
| Standard | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ERC-20 Fungible token standard | Partial | Still usable as ERC-20 on DEXes but with thinner liquidity and more issuer-specific edge cases than USDC. |
| EIP-712 Typed structured data signing | Not implemented | No typed-data signing for token operations. |
| EIP-2612 Permit — gasless ERC-20 approval | Not implemented | Extra transaction for many DeFi onboarding flows. |
| EIP-3009 transferWithAuthorization | Not implemented | Relayers cannot use EIP-3009. |
| EIP-1967 Standard proxy storage slots | Partial | Manual verification of implementation address on each chain is required for critical integrations. |
| EIP-1822 UUPS — universal upgradeable proxy | Not implemented | Low direct impact. |
| ERC-4626 Tokenized yield vault standard | Not implemented | Use external protocols for yield. |
| EIP-1271 Signature validation for smart contracts | Not implemented | Standard EOA-centric flows only for approvals. |
Technical notes
TUSD uses a Controller proxy pattern — indirection pointing to implementation. The TrueReward mechanism (legacy feature) allowed per-account interest toggling via a flag in the balance struct. Chainlink PoR: reserves published at regular intervals to an on-chain AggregatorV3Interface contract which any external contract can query.
Reserves & peg
- Reserves
- USD held in trust across multiple banking partners
- Collateral
- Fiat (off-chain)
- Peg mechanism
- Hard 1:1 via trust company redemption
- Auditor
- The Network Firm (real-time on-chain)
Ecosystem
- DeFi integration
- Limited — PancakeSwap (BNB), select DEXes
- Yield
- None
Risk factors
Networks & contracts
Deployments by chain — primary rows are highlighted. Always verify addresses against issuer docs before mainnet integrations.
| Network | Standard | Contract | Explorer |
|---|---|---|---|
EthereumPrimary | ERC-20 | 0x0000000000085d4780B73119b644AE5ecd22b376 | View |
BNB ChainSecondary | BEP-20 | 0x14016E85a25aeb13065688cAFB43044C2ef86784Highest volume | View |
TRONSecondary | TRC-20 | TUpMhErZL2fhh4sVNULAbNKLokS4GjC1F4 | View |
AvalancheSecondary | ERC-20 | 0x1C20E891Bab6b1727d14Da358FAe2984Ed9B59EB | View |
Engineering deep dive
Integration notes
TUSD emphasises attestation and PoR visibility—if your integration depends on reserve signals, wire up the same oracles your contracts can read on-chain.
Liquidity
Secondary liquidity is thinner than top-tier stables; size trades carefully and check venue depth.